Ficha de identificación
| Elemento | Dato |
|---|---|
| Categoría | Preparatoria |
| Nivel | 1.º de Preparatoria |
| Semestre | 1 |
| Materia | Inglés I |
| Área | Inglés |
| Unidad | Unidad 4. Talking about the past |
| Tema / etapa | Regular and irregular verbs |
| Edad referencial | 15 a 18 años |
| Plan de estudios | Plan de Estudios de la Bachillerato General SEP/DGB (vigente) |
| Autor | Roadwise Consulting |
1. La diferencia en una línea
Un verbo regular forma su pasado con -ed (walk → walked). Un verbo irregular cambia su raíz y no sigue la regla (go → went, eat → ate, have → had). Son los verbos más antiguos y más usados del inglés: los primeros 100 verbos frecuentes incluyen decenas de irregulares. Por eso hay que memorizarlos: no hay truco gramatical, pero sí familia.
2. Los 20 irregulares esenciales
| Base | Past simple | Español |
|---|---|---|
| be (am/is/are) | was / were | ser / estar |
| have | had | tener |
| do | did | hacer |
| go | went | ir |
| come | came | venir |
| see | saw | ver |
| say | said | decir |
| get | got | obtener / ponerse |
| give | gave | dar |
| take | took | tomar / llevar |
| make | made | hacer (fabricar) |
| know | knew | saber / conocer |
| think | thought | pensar |
| buy | bought | comprar |
| bring | brought | traer |
| teach | taught | enseñar |
| eat | ate | comer |
| drink | drank | beber |
| write | wrote | escribir |
| read | read (¡se pronuncia /red/!) | leer |
3. Con did, el verbo vuelve a la base (incluso irregular)
| Afirmación | Negación | Pregunta |
|---|---|---|
| She went to Oaxaca. | She didn't go to Oaxaca. | Did she go to Oaxaca? Yes, she did. |
| We ate tamales. | We didn't eat tamales. | Did you eat tamales? |
| He had a flat tire. | He didn't have a flat tire. | When did he have the accident? |
Regla de una sola marca: ~~Did you went?~~ es doble pasado. Lo correcto: Did you go? El auxiliar did carga el tiempo; el verbo principal queda en forma base, igual que en presente con does. En negativo, didn't + base: I didn't see anything. Y cuando what o who es el sujeto de la pregunta, la pregunta se hace sin did: What happened at the party? (se pregunta qué ocurrió, no quién lo hizo).
4. Reading: a terrible, wonderful birthday
Paula, 16, narrates her last birthday.
'Everything went wrong from the beginning. I woke up late, didn't eat breakfast and took the wrong bus. When I got to school, my best friend gave me a huge box: inside there was a guitar! I knew I wanted one for years, so I couldn't speak. At the party, it started to rain, we brought the cake inside and my brother sat on it. We laughed until we thought we had a problem with our stomachs. That day I learned something: plans break, but people stay. I will never forget that birthday.'
5. Guion de video del tema
| Min | Diálogo en inglés | Gesto o imagen |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | Meet the go family: go, went... and the come family: come, came. | Árboles genealógicos de verbos |
| 0:20 | Did you went? No! DID eats the past: Did you GO? | El auxiliar 'did' se come una 'went' de utilería |
| 0:40 | Read in present: /rid/. Read in past: /red/. Same spelling, different sound. | Tarjetas con las dos pronunciaciones |
| 1:00 | Five verbs a week: saw, ate, drank, gave, took — tell a story! | Calendario con tarjetas moviéndose |
| 1:15 | Your turn: what happened last weekend? Say it with an irregular! | Cámara pregunta |
- Irregular Verbs
- Familia go-went
- come → came
- Familia see-saw
- take → took
- give → gave
- drive → drove
- Familia -ought
- buy → bought
- think → thought
- bring → brought
- Con did
- didn't + base
- Did + base?
- Trampas
- read → /red/
- be → was/were
- Familia go-went
Toca una tarjeta para ver la respuesta.
6. Practica
Choose the correct sentence:
La pregunta correcta sobre el texto de Paula:
The past of 'read' is pronounced /red/.
'I didn't saw anything' is correct English.
When I (be) small, my dad (teach) me to cook.
Une cada verbo base con su forma en pasado.
Clasifica cada verbo según forme su pasado.
Arrastra cada ficha a su categoría (o tócala y luego toca la categoría). También puedes usar el teclado.
Escribe una micro-historia de 6 líneas sobre un evento que salió mal (como el cumpleaños de Paula) usando al menos cinco verbos irregulares diferentes; subraya sus pasados. ¿Qué familia de patrones (go-went, see-saw, -ought...) te resultó más fácil de recordar y por qué?
woke, went, took, saw, gave, thought...
Tu texto se guarda sólo en este dispositivo.
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